Geographical and Environmental Epidemiology: Methods for Small Area Studies

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P. Elliott (Head, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine) J. Cuzick (Head, Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, London)

Geographical and Environmental Epidemiology

Methods for Small Area Studies

P. Elliott (Head, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine), J. Cuzick (Head, Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, London), D. English (Department of Medicine (Public Health), Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, University of Western Australia, Nedlands) , R. Stern (World Health Organization, European Centre for Environment and Health, Bilthoven)

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English

Oxford University Press
25 July 1996

Medical screening; Epidemiology & medical statistics; Animal pathology & diseases; Human geography; Applied ecology

Now available in paperback, this book is the first to address both the theoretical and practical issues which arise when describing the geographical distribution of disease and investigating apparent disease clusters. Requirements in terms of population data, disease incidence, and mortality are considered and related to the scale at which a study is being carried out. Statistical methods are reviewed for large scale correlation studies, intermediate scale map smoothing exercises, and small scale clustering investigations. Problems of measuring environmental exposures at different scales are also reviewed.

These issues are then related to current practice via comprehensive set of case studies which include a large correlation study in China, clustering of asthma attacks, the Sellafield-leukaemia cluster, environmental clusters of mesothelioma in Turkey, and a multi-source study if cancer incidence around an incinerator.

Edited by: P. Elliott (Head Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine), J. Cuzick (Head, Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, London), D. English (Department of Medicine (Public Health), Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, University of Western Australia, Nedlands), R. Stern (World Health Organization, European Centre for Environment and Health, Bilthoven), etc.
Imprint: Oxford University Press
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Edition: New edition
Dimensions: Height: 235mm, Width: 156mm, Spine: 23mm
Weight: 603g
ISBN: 9780192622358
ISBN 10: 0192622358
Pages: 404
Publication Date: 25 July 1996
Audience: Professional and scholarly , Undergraduate
Format: Paperback
Publisher's Status: Active

PART I: INTRODUCTION; 1. Geographical epidemiology and ecological studies; 2. Small-area studies: purpose and methods; 3. Health and the environment: the significance of chemicals and radiation; PART II: DATA, COMPUTATIONAL METHODS, AND MAPPING; 4. Mortality data; 5. Cancer incidence data for adults; 6. Cancer incidence data for children; 7. Congenital anomalies; 8. Specialized registers; 9. Population counts in small areas; 10. Use of routine data in studies of point sources of environmental pollution; 11. Socio-economic confounding; 12. Use of record linkage in small-area studies; 13. Confidentiality; 14. Practical approaches to disease mapping; 15. Estimating environmental exposures; 16. Mapping environmental exposure; PART III: STATISTICAL METHODS; 17. Statistical methods for geographical correlation studies; 18. Bayesian methods for mapping disease risk; 19. Statistical methods for analysing point-source exposures; 20. Some comments on methods for investigating disease risk around a point source; 21. Methods for the assessment of disease clusters; PART IV: STUDIES OF HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT; 22. Environmental epidemiology: a historical perspective: Guidelines for the investigation of clusters of adverse health events; 23. Studies of disease clustering: problems of interpretation; PART V: CASE STUDIES; 24. Childhood leukaemia around the Sellafield nuclear plant; 25. The epidemic of respiratory cancer associated with erionite fibres in the Cappadocian region of Turkey; 26. Soya bean as a risk factor for epidemic asthma; 27. The Sevesco accident; 28. Cancer of the larynx and lung near incinerators of waste solvents and oils in Britain; 29. A study of geographical correlations in China

Reviews for Geographical and Environmental Epidemiology: Methods for Small Area Studies

`well written and very readable. For a work with so many different contributors the continuity and uniformity of style is good. ... I regard this book as being of considerable use and interest to public health physicians ... For anyone considering carrying out an investigation of apparent disease clustering this book would be an invaluable source of help and information. ' Mike Roworth, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health `This useful book ... summarizes important new developments in data availability, methodology and execution of small-area health studies. As the book is only 370 pages long, each chapter is relatively short and easily digestible; this makes the book useful for quick advice. ' Peter Sainsbury, International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 22, No. 5, Oct '93 `This book is the first to summarize the new developments in data availability, methodology, and the execution of small-area health studies. ' WHO Collaborating Centre for Air Quality Management and Air Pollution Control Newsletter, No. 12, November 1993 `this book contains relevant and timely material for its target audience of epidemiologists, statisticians and geographers, among others ... Many ... chapters include comprehensive references. It should serve as a good reference text on a topic that deserves greater attention and deeper understanding. ' Lianne Sheppard, University of Washington, Statistics in Medicine 1994, Vol. 13, No. 8 `a useful collation of articles from the many disciplines that have an interest in these studies, and as such is recommended to those who have a specialist interest in this field ' Ken Muir, University of Nottingham. Journal of Public Health Medicine, Vol. 15, No. 4, 1993 `There is a useful review of how one can estimate population or years when census counts are not available. The problems and methods of estimating and mapping environmental exposure are well and thoroughly reviewed, though relatively brief. This book can be confidently recommended for graduate students, career and research epidemiologists, and espesially those in public health.' Martin Hugh-Jones, Louisiana State University, Preventative Veterinary Medicine 24 (1995) `there is much that we can learn from it as many of the methodological problems are generic and catholic ... This book can be confidently recommended for graduate students, career and research epidemiologists, and especially those in public health.' Martin Hugh-Jones, Louisiana State University, Preventive Veterinary Medicine 24 (1995)